Volume 11, Issue 2 (Summer 2025)
J Health Res Commun 2025, 11(2): 32-46 |
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Goudarzi G, Baboli Z, Khodadadi* R, Sohrabi M, Tahmasebi Birgani Y, Babaei A A, et al . Risk Analysis of Atmospheric Heavy Metals in Industrial, Traffic, and Residential Areas of Ahvaz City. J Health Res Commun 2025; 11 (2) :32-46
URL: http://jhc.mazums.ac.ir/article-1-1172-en.html
URL: http://jhc.mazums.ac.ir/article-1-1172-en.html
Gholamreza Goudarzi 
, Zeynab Baboli * , Ruhollah Khodadadi* , Mohammad Sohrabi , Yaser Tahmasebi Birgani , Ali Akbar Babaei , Abdolkazem Nisi , Maryan Dastoorpoor , Stefano Loppi
, Zeynab Baboli * , Ruhollah Khodadadi* , Mohammad Sohrabi , Yaser Tahmasebi Birgani , Ali Akbar Babaei , Abdolkazem Nisi , Maryan Dastoorpoor , Stefano Loppi
Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Behbahan Faculty of Medical Sciences, Behbahan, Iran
Abstract: (482 Views)
Introduction and purpose: Nowadays, the use of biomonitoring to determine air quality is continuously increasing. Heavy metals are of interest among air pollutants due to their detrimental effects on health. The present study aimed to biomonitor heavy metals from the ambient air of Ahvaz, Iran, using lichen for six months from June to December 2019.
Methods: Heavy metals, including arsenic, cadmium, chromium, nickel, and lead, were adsorbed on lichens cultivated at 26 sampling stations with residential, industrial and traffic occupancy in the desired locations. For each sample, cleaning, drying, extraction, and digestion were performed, and then the concentration of heavy metals was determined by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) with three repetitions. Afterward, the data were analyzed using Excel software, and the non-cancer and cancer risk for adults and children from the ingestion, inhalation, and dermal exposure routes was calculated and evaluated.
Results: The highest concentrations of heavy metals were recorded in industrial and then traffic occupancies. The most important heavy metals in the ambient air in industrial sites were nickel, chromium, and arsenic, with average concentrations of 141, 87.27, and 103.33 mg/kg DW, respectively. Moreover, in traffic occupancy, the most important heavy metals in the ambient air were nickel, chromium, and cadmium with average concentrations of 87.35, 41.24, and 2.48 mg/kg DW, respectively.
Conclusion: Heavy metals affected by industrial and then traffic activities indicated a potential carcinogenic risk. The potential carcinogenic risk of heavy metals for children from the route of exposure to digestion in industrial and traffic areas of Ahvaz should be considered by the authorities to provide management solutions and reduce the concentration of pollutants, as well as to reduce the exposure of residents to these contaminants.
Methods: Heavy metals, including arsenic, cadmium, chromium, nickel, and lead, were adsorbed on lichens cultivated at 26 sampling stations with residential, industrial and traffic occupancy in the desired locations. For each sample, cleaning, drying, extraction, and digestion were performed, and then the concentration of heavy metals was determined by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) with three repetitions. Afterward, the data were analyzed using Excel software, and the non-cancer and cancer risk for adults and children from the ingestion, inhalation, and dermal exposure routes was calculated and evaluated.
Results: The highest concentrations of heavy metals were recorded in industrial and then traffic occupancies. The most important heavy metals in the ambient air in industrial sites were nickel, chromium, and arsenic, with average concentrations of 141, 87.27, and 103.33 mg/kg DW, respectively. Moreover, in traffic occupancy, the most important heavy metals in the ambient air were nickel, chromium, and cadmium with average concentrations of 87.35, 41.24, and 2.48 mg/kg DW, respectively.
Conclusion: Heavy metals affected by industrial and then traffic activities indicated a potential carcinogenic risk. The potential carcinogenic risk of heavy metals for children from the route of exposure to digestion in industrial and traffic areas of Ahvaz should be considered by the authorities to provide management solutions and reduce the concentration of pollutants, as well as to reduce the exposure of residents to these contaminants.
Type of Study: Research(Original) |
Subject:
Environmental Health
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